The Waswahili Community Trust UK (Wadhamini wa Jumuiya ya Waswahili)

Tutoral

SECTION 12

NOTE!

The main rule for the present tense negative is as shown above that, there is no tense prefix. Notice the final vowel of the verb stem is changed to ( i )

This change does not take place in verbs derived from the Arabic which end in in some other vowel, for example :

KUJIBU / TO REPLY :

( See the Table below )

SECTION 13

NOTE!

The list of are the Infinitive Verbs, Let's take the first one " KUCHEKA ", and if you omit " KU " which is at the beginning, then what you have is the stem of the verb that is " CHEKA "

Now to put the verb " CHEKA " into Past Tense Negative, you simply add:
" si ", from the very beginning of the verb for the first person. This becomes " sikucheka " / I did not laugh

For the second person (singular) add:
" hu " from the beginning. This becomes " Hukucheka "

For the third person ( He / She ) add:
" ha " from the beginning. This becomes " Hakucheka "

For " We " add:
" Hatu " from the beginning. This becomes " Hatukucheka "

For " You " Plural add:
" Ham " from the very beginning. This becomes " Hamkucheka "

For " They " add:
" Hawa " from the very beginning. This becomes " Hawakucheka "

So simple !
isn't ?

SECTION 14

SECTION 15

SECTION 16

NOTE !

We have alredy seen from our conjugations of verbs that subject Prefixes come before the verb stem, e.g. :

Ninaketi : - NA - comes before the verb stem, ( Present Tense ). This is also the case with the ( Future Tense ) , ( Past Tense ) , ( Simple Present Tense ), etc.

Please refer back to the conjugation verbs to remind you about the point, I am making. Then it is very easy to understand the object prefix referred above. And this is that :

The object prefix come before the verb stem, e.g. the verb stem above is " Tandika " . Therefore object prefix comes before " Tandika. " But the point must be emphasised here that we are referring to those nouns which are in ( KITU - VITU CLASS ).

I am sure this is fully understood. Well the point I am making, is nonetheless, so simple, and it is as clear as crystal ball. Shall we move on now?

SECTION 17

The Swahili day ( siku ) begins at sunset, and consists of :

• Alfajiri - Dawn
• Asubuhi - Morning
• Adhuhuri - Noon
• Alasiri - Afternoon
• Mchana - Daytime
• Mchana kutwa - All day

The night consists of :

• Magharibi , or Jioni - Sunset
• Usiku - A night
• Usiku wa manane - Midnight ( use it only in story telling, not used in everyday life. )
• Usiku kucha - All night

Section 18

1. Moja ( Kitabu Kimoja / One book ) ( Vitabu Viwili )
2. Mbili ( Kibanda Kimoja / One hut ) ( Vibanda Vitatu / Three huts)
3. Tatu ( Kitanda Kimoja / One bed ) (Vitanda sita / Six beds )
4. Nne ( Kiazi Kimoja / One potaoe ) (Viazi vitano )
5. Tano
( Kitambaa kimoja / One cloth ) ( Vitambaa sita / Six clothes )
6. sita ( Kikombe kimoja / One cup) (Vikombe tisa )
7. Saba ( Kidude kimoja / One topy ) ( Vidude Saba / seve tous
8. Nane (Kidaraja kimoja / One small bridge ) ( Vidaraja vinane )
9. Tisa ( Kisahani kimoja / One plate ) (Visahani tisa / Nine plates
10. Kumi ( Kisu kimja / One knife ) ( Visu kumi /Ten knives
11. Kumi na moja ( Viwanja kumi na moja / 11 : continue in the same order
12. Kumi na mbili
13. Kumi na tatu
14. Kumi na nne
15. Kumi na tano
16. Kumi na sita
17. Kumi na saba
18. Kumi na nane
19. Kumi na tisa
20. Ishirini ( Visu ishirini / Twenty knives )
21. Ishirini na moja ( Vijiko ishirini na moja (21 spoons) : continue in the same order
22. Ishirini na mbili
23. Ishirini na tatu
24. Ishirin na nne
25. Ishirini na tano
26. Ishirini na sita
27. Ishirini na saba
28. Ishirini na nane
29. Ishirini na tisa
30. Thelathini ( Vioo thelathini / 30 mirrors ) (Vioo thelathini na moja / 31 mirrors ) Continue in the same order
31. Arubaini ( For the following, the same order as shown above is to be followed. The above prefix is only for (KITU VITU CLASS)
32. Khamsini / 50
33. Sitini / 60
34. Sabini / 70
35. Themanini / 80
36. Tisini / 90
37. Mia /100
38. Elfu / 1000

NOTE :

In the above examples, regarding numbers we have learned that the first five numbers i.e.1,2,3,4, and 5.These five numbers take the prefix of( KITU VITU CLASS. ) When we come to learn different noun prefixes, the same rule will apply. We shall see later as we come to consider the six other nouns' classes. This is to say up to this point we should not worry ourselves about the other nouns' classes.

Vocabulary Relating to Time

Dakika / Minute or minutes

Saa / Watch or watches

Ngapi? / How many?

Tafadhali / Please

Sasa / Now

Robo / 1/4

Nusu / 1/2

Kasorobo / 1/4 to

NOTE:

When one ask for a time, it is asked in this way:

Ni saa ngapi sasa tafadhali? / What time is it now please? / but in English literally is: How many watches now please?

The answers :

Sasa ni saa moja / Now it's 7.00

Sasa ni saa moja na dakika ishirini / Now it's 7.20 now

Sasa ni saa mbili na robo / Now it's 8.15

Sasa ni saa tisa unusu / now it's 3.30

Sasa ni saa nane kasorobo / Now it's 1.45

The day is divided into twenty-four hours. The first hour afterafter sunset is :

1. Saa moja ( 7 P.M. )
2. Saa mbili ( 8 P.M. )
3. Saa tatu ( 9 P.M. )
4. Saa nne ( 10 P.M. )
5. Saa tano (11 P.M. )
6. Saa sita (12 A.M. )
7. Saa saba ( 1 A.M. )
8. Saa nane ( 2 A.M. )
9. Saa tisa ( 3 A.M. )
10. Saa kumi ( 4 A.M. )
11. Saa kumi na moja ( 5 A.M. )
12. Saa kumi na mbili ( 6 A.M.)

1. Saa kumi na mbili u nusu ( 6.30 )
2. Saa moja na robo ( 7.15 )
3. Saa mbili kasorobo ( 7.45 )
5. Saa tatu na dakika kumi (9.10 )
6. Saa tisa nne kasoro dakika tano ( 8.55 )

SECTION 19

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